This study evaluated the impacts to the air quality, health and economy from achieving the “coal to electricity” goals, replacing residential coal with clean energy such as electricity, in the Jing-Jin-Ji region (Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei) during the 13th Five-Year period under different heating technology choices and electricity supply sources based on an integrated model combining with scenario analysis. The results indicated that the PM2.5 concentration in the three regions reduced by 6–15 μg/m3 with the implementation of the residential “coal to electricity” policy, which can avoid 22.2 thousand cases of premature death and 607.8 thousand morbidity cases. It could create 18.73–19.87 billion Yuan social net benefits in the Jing-Jin-Ji region in 2020 if three regions achieved the policy goal under the same pathway. Based on the net benefit analysis of three regions, this study gave the policy implication that Beijing and Hebei should adopt the “air source heating pump with the renewable electricity supply” pathway, while the Tianjin should adopt the “regenerative electric heater with the renewable electricity supply” pathway. The net benefits would reach to 20.34 billion Yuan if all three regions implemented the plans that maximized their own net benefits.
Through the analysis of data of AETA (a system of earthquake precursory signals), before and after Jiuzhaigou Ms 7.0 earthquake in Sichuan Province on August 8, 2017, the result shows that there were 13 AETA stations which captured the associated abnormalities of 36 AETA stations stalled in Sichuan Province, and 9 of which were close related. A typical wave (SRSS wave) of electronic-magnetic disturbance average value found in 11 stations of the 13 stations, had a feature of changing synchronously with the time of sunrise and sunset. An abnormal stripe was found before and after Jiuzhaigou earthquake by PCAETA algorithm applied in SRSS of the 11 stations. Furthermore, the abnormal stripe is also found in Mianning Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Bureau station during August 12 to November 20, in 2017. It is concluded that AETA system can capture close related precursory abnormalities at multiple stations before earthquake and the abnormal stripe of SRSS wave is an obvious and specific earthquake precursory characteristics.
An asynchronous low power RSA circuit structure and its modular multiplication circuit structure for smart cards and RFID tags are proposed. By using GTECH optimization scheme and BrzCallMux implementation strategy, ASIC implementation is carried out based on a TSMC 130 nm standard CMOS technology. Experimental results show that the area of the proposed asynchronous low power RSA is only 4% of that of another asynchronous RSA, its average time to perform a cryptographic operation is only 0.216% of that of another asynchronous RSA, and its power consumption is only 16.99% of that of its corresponding synchronous counterpart.
In order to explore spatiotemporal dynamics of soil extracellular enzyme activity (EEA) and its influence on potential mineralization rate of soil organic carbon (SOC) of the Daxing’an Mountain range, soil samples of three forests (Pinus sylvestris forest; Birch forest; Larch pine forest) and three ground cover plants in Larch forest (Grass; Ledum; Moss) were collected from Daxing’an Mountain range in summer and winter. Activities of six enzymes including carbon- (C) (β-1,4-glucosidase, β-1,4-xylosidase, β-D-cellobiohydrolase), nitrogen- (N) (N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase, leucine aminopeptidase) and phosphorus- (P) (acid phosphatase) acquisition, potential mineralization rate of SOC and main environmental factors were analyzed and potential driving mechanisms were explored. Results showed that Both Pinus sylvestris forest and Birch forest exhibited significant higher activities of enzyme C, N and P in summer, however, Larch forest showed contrary seasonal dynamic with soil EEA of moss soil significantly higher in winter. From summer to winter, soils of three forests and three ground cover plants all experienced reduced P vs. N limitation. Besides, soils of Pinus sylvestris forest and Birch forest both experienced increased C vs. nutrient limitation, however, Larch forest showed contrary seasonal dynamics with the existence of moss. In Pinus sylvestris forest and Larch forest, potential mineralization rate of SOC exhibited higher in winter while Birch forest showed contrary trend. Analysis showed that potential mineralization rate of SOC was influenced by enzyme C and enzyme N significantly, whereas little influenced by enzyme P. C vs. nutrient limitation had little correlation while P vs. N limitation had significant negative correlation with potential carbon mineralization rate.
